{"id":267679,"date":"2025-10-25T12:58:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T12:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fashiongold.lt\/uncategorized-lv\/perles-ka-rodas-perles-molluska-gliemezvaka-ostere-midija\/"},"modified":"2026-02-02T02:28:58","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T02:28:58","slug":"perles-ka-rodas-perles-molluska-gliemezvaka-ostere-midija","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fashiongold.lt\/lv\/patarimai-lv\/perles-ka-rodas-perles-molluska-gliemezvaka-ostere-midija\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0113rles: k\u0101 rodas p\u0113rles? Mollusk\u0101, glieme\u017ev\u0101k\u0101, oster\u0113, m\u012bdij\u0101?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Austere<\/p>\n

K\u0101 rodas p\u0113rles? Molusk\u0101, glieme\u017ev\u0101k\u0101, auster\u0113, m\u012bdij\u0101?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

P\u0113rles, kas t\u0101s ir? Tas ir unik\u0101ls dabas veidojums, dz\u012bvnieku izcelsmes d\u0101rgakmens, biog\u0113ns veidojums, kas atrodas molusku auster\u0113s. P\u0113rles ra\u0161an\u0101s ir moluska aizsargreakcija pret sve\u0161\u0137ermeni. P\u0113rle veidojas k\u0101 organisma aizsargreakcija uz sve\u0161\u0137ermeni, kad molusks s\u0101k to p\u0101rkl\u0101t ar p\u0113rlmutra sl\u0101\u0146iem. Viss, kas nok\u013c\u016bst auster\u0113 \u2013 smil\u0161u graudi\u0146\u0161, puteklis vai paraz\u012bts, nevar izk\u013c\u016bt un laika gait\u0101 p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161as par p\u0113rli, kas sag\u0101d\u0101 prieku un p\u0101rsteigumu. Molusks izdala kalcija karbon\u0101tu, kas lab\u0101k paz\u012bstams k\u0101 p\u0113rlmutrs, un ap\u0146em ar to sve\u0161\u0137ermeni, t\u0101 rodas p\u0113rles. P\u0113rles veido\u0161an\u0101s laik\u0101 notiek sare\u017e\u0123\u012bti \u0137\u012bmiski un biolo\u0123iski procesi, kas nosaka p\u0113rles kvalit\u0101ti. P\u0113rles tiek uzskat\u012btas par d\u0101rgakme\u0146iem, p\u0113c Mosa skalas \u2013 4 balles. Par p\u0113r\u013cu izcelsmi un \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m ir zin\u0101ms no zin\u0101tniskiem p\u0113t\u012bjumiem, kas pal\u012bdz izprast to veido\u0161an\u0101s procesus. Ir gr\u016bti pateikt, kad cilv\u0113ki pirmo reizi atkl\u0101ja austeri un bija p\u0101rsteigti par t\u0101s d\u0101rgumu kr\u0101\u0161\u0146umu. Tom\u0113r var prec\u012bzi apgalvot, ka \u0161odien p\u0113rles ir vienas no popul\u0101r\u0101kaj\u0101m rotasliet\u0101m, kur\u0101m p\u0113c modes ekspertu dom\u0101m j\u0101b\u016bt katras sevi cieno\u0161as sievietes arsen\u0101l\u0101. P\u0113rles ir da\u017e\u0101du formu, kr\u0101su un izm\u0113ru, t\u0101p\u0113c katra rotaslieta ir unik\u0101la. Forma ir viens no svar\u012bg\u0101kajiem p\u0113r\u013cu nov\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anas krit\u0113rijiem.<\/p>\n

P\u0113r\u013cu veidi:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Upes p\u0113rles jeb sald\u016bdens p\u0113rles (ang\u013cu val. freshwater):<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dab\u012bg\u0101s upes p\u0113rles.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kultiv\u0113t\u0101s upes p\u0113rles.<\/strong><\/p>\n

J\u016bras p\u0113rles:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dab\u012bg\u0101s j\u016bras p\u0113rles.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kultiv\u0113t\u0101s j\u016bras p\u0113rles:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • J\u016bras Jap\u0101nas p\u0113rles Akoya (ang\u013cu val. \u201csaltwater akoya pearls\u201d).<\/li>\n
  • Austr\u0101lijas jeb Dienvidj\u016bras p\u0113rles (ang\u013cu val. \u201cSaltwater South Sea Pearls\u201d).<\/li>\n
  • Taiti jeb meln\u0101s p\u0113rles (ang\u013cu val. \u201cSaltwater Tahitian Sea Pearls\u201d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    P\u0113r\u013cu imit\u0101cija. M\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101s p\u0113rles izgatavo no:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Majorica p\u0113rles, Swarovski p\u0113rles.<\/p>\n

    Plastmasas.<\/p>\n

    Stikla.<\/p>\n

    Glieme\u017ev\u0101ka p\u0113rlmutra.<\/p>\n

    Da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m p\u0113rl\u0113m rakstur\u012bgi at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgi nov\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anas krit\u0113riji atkar\u012bb\u0101 no to izcelsmes, formas un kr\u0101sas. \u0160\u012bm p\u0113rl\u0113m piem\u012bt savdab\u012bgas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, kas nosaka to v\u0113rt\u012bbu un piepras\u012bjumu tirg\u016b. Galven\u0101 at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba starp kultiv\u0113to p\u0113r\u013cu veidiem: j\u016bras p\u0113rles tiek audz\u0113tas s\u0101\u013c\u0101s \u016bdenstilp\u0113s, bet upes p\u0113rles \u2013 sald\u016bden\u012b, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s tiek audz\u0113tas da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s pasaules viet\u0101s, un p\u0113r\u013cu veidi ir atkar\u012bgi no molusku sug\u0101m. Dab\u012bgo p\u0113r\u013cu dab\u0101 gandr\u012bz nav palicis, t\u0101p\u0113c liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca \u0161odien p\u0101rdoto p\u0113r\u013cu ir kultiv\u0113tas. P\u0113r\u013cu izm\u0113ri ar\u012b ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi \u2013 10 mm diametra p\u0113rles tiek uzskat\u012btas par v\u0113rt\u012bg\u0101k\u0101m nek\u0101 maz\u0101kas, savuk\u0101rt Dienvidj\u016bras p\u0113rles var sasniegt pat 16 mm; \u0161\u0101da izm\u0113ra p\u0113rles ir \u012bpa\u0161i retas un v\u0113rt\u012bgas. Liel\u0101k\u0101s, apa\u013c\u0101k\u0101s un ret\u0101k\u0101s p\u0113rles tirg\u016b ir visv\u0113rt\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s.<\/p>\n

    P\u0113rle ir viens no liel\u0101kajiem dabas br\u012bnumiem. Dab\u012bg\u0101s p\u0113rles ir retums<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \"Saldu\u0304dens<\/p>\n

    Senos laikos p\u0113rles tika \u013coti augstu v\u0113rt\u0113tas, ar t\u0101m rot\u0101j\u0101s kara\u013ci, aristokr\u0101ti un citas bag\u0101tas personas. D\u0101rgakme\u0146u karaliene \u2013 t\u0101 d\u0113v\u0113ja p\u0113rli; nav iesp\u0113jams noteikt, kur\u0161 to atkl\u0101ja, ta\u010du tiek uzskat\u012bts, ka pirmo reizi p\u0113rli atrada cilv\u0113ki, mekl\u0113jot bar\u012bbu j\u016bras krast\u0101.<\/p>\n

    P\u0113rle tika d\u0101vin\u0101ta \u0136\u012bnas karaliskajai \u0123imenei jau 2300. gad\u0101 p.m.\u0113., savuk\u0101rt Senaj\u0101 Rom\u0101 p\u0113r\u013cu rotaslietas tika uzskat\u012btas par augst\u0101k\u0101 statusa simbolu. Apa\u013ci d\u0101rgakme\u0146i bija tik v\u0113rt\u012bgi, ka 1. gadsimt\u0101 p.m.\u0113. J\u016blijs C\u0113zars izdeva likumu, kas ierobe\u017eoja p\u0113r\u013cu n\u0113s\u0101\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

    Liela noz\u012bme p\u0113rlei bija ar\u0101bu kult\u016br\u0101s; le\u0123enda v\u0113st\u012bja, ka p\u0113rle veidojas no rasas pilieniem, ko noriju\u0161as austeres, kad tie iekritu\u0161i j\u016br\u0101. Persijas l\u012bcis bija p\u0113r\u013cu tirdzniec\u012bbas centrs un ilgu laiku tika uzskat\u012bts par galveno valsts bag\u0101t\u012bbu l\u012bdz naftas atkl\u0101\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

    Ar tik garu un senu v\u0113sturi nav p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161i, ka laika gait\u0101 p\u0113rle tiek saist\u012bta ar m\u012btiem un le\u0123end\u0101m. Senaj\u0101 \u0136\u012bn\u0101 p\u0113r\u013cu rotaslietas simboliz\u0113ja \u012bpa\u0161nieka t\u012br\u012bbu, savuk\u0101rt viduslaikos bru\u0146inieki bie\u017ei \u0146\u0113ma p\u0113rles l\u012bdzi kaujas lauk\u0101, ticot, ka d\u0101rgakmens tos pasarg\u0101s.<\/p>\n

    P\u0113rle bija noz\u012bm\u012bga tirdzniec\u012bbas prece kop\u0161 Romie\u0161u imp\u0113rijas laikiem, un p\u0113r\u013cu atkl\u0101\u0161ana Centr\u0101lamerik\u0101 un Dienvidamerik\u0101 15.\u201316. gadsimt\u0101 izrais\u012bja t\u0101 d\u0113v\u0113to p\u0113r\u013cu laikmetu. Pieaugot piepras\u012bjumam Eirop\u0101, kur mui\u017enieki un karalisk\u0101s personas n\u0113s\u0101ja izsmalcin\u0101tas p\u0113r\u013cu kaklarotas, auskarus, rokasspr\u0101dzes un bro\u0161as, 19. gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101 piepras\u012bjums p\u0113c p\u0113r\u013cu rotasliet\u0101m k\u013cuva tik liels, ka p\u0113r\u013cu kr\u0101jumi s\u0101ka samazin\u0101ties.<\/p>\n

    At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no d\u0101rgakme\u0146iem, kas tiek ieg\u016bti no zemes dz\u012bl\u0113m, p\u0113rli rada dz\u012bvs organisms, un pati t\u0101s eksistence ir dabas br\u012bnums. Dab\u012bgas p\u0113rles aug\u0161ana ir atkar\u012bga no j\u016bru t\u012br\u012bbas un stabilas temperat\u016bras, kas main\u0101s pies\u0101r\u0146ojuma un glob\u0101l\u0101s sasil\u0161anas d\u0113\u013c.<\/p>\n

    \u0160odien dab\u012bg\u0101 p\u0113rle tiek pieskait\u012bta pie \u013coti retiem d\u0101rgakme\u0146iem, un t\u0101s kr\u0101jumi ir gandr\u012bz piln\u012bb\u0101 izsmelti; t\u0101s \u013coti reti sastopamas pie Bahreinas un Austr\u0101lijas krastiem. Dab\u012bg\u0101s p\u0113rles retums atspogu\u013cojas t\u0101s cen\u0101, p\u0101rdodot izsol\u0113s. Senas p\u0113r\u013cu kaklarotas un auskari maks\u0101 rekordlielas summas.<\/p>\n

    \u0160odien p\u0113rles joproj\u0101m ir \u013coti v\u0113rt\u012bgas juvelierizstr\u0101d\u0101jumu r\u016bpniec\u012bb\u0101 un ir popul\u0101ra d\u0101vana \u012bpa\u0161os gad\u012bjumos. Tom\u0113r praktiski visas p\u0113rles, kas tiek p\u0101rdotas \u0161odien, ir audz\u0113tas.<\/p>\n

    K\u0101p\u0113c kultiv\u0113t\u0101s p\u0113rles sauc par \u012bst\u0101m p\u0113rl\u0113m. Kultiv\u0113tas vai audz\u0113tas?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \"Zelta<\/p>\n

    Kultiv\u0113t\u0101s p\u0113rles tiek audz\u0113tas taj\u0101s pa\u0161\u0101s auster\u0113s, t\u0101s tiek uzraudz\u012btas un vis\u0101di lolotas. At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba ir t\u0101da, ka molusks nenorij smil\u0161u graudi\u0146u, bet gan cilv\u0113ka ievietotu v\u0113lam\u0101 izm\u0113ra lod\u012bti, kas izgatavota no glieme\u017ev\u0101ka, ko laika gait\u0101 tas p\u0101rkl\u0101j ar p\u0113rlmutra sl\u0101\u0146iem. Process var notikt gan sald\u016bdens, gan aukstos vai siltos j\u016bras (s\u0101ls) \u016bde\u0146os.<\/p>\n

    K\u0101 tiek audz\u0113tas kultiv\u0113t\u0101s j\u016bras p\u0113rles?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Kultiv\u0113t\u0101s p\u0113rles zin\u0101m\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 tiek uzskat\u012btas par \u012bst\u0101m p\u0113rl\u0113m, jo p\u0113r\u013cu aug\u0161anas process auster\u0113 notiek bez cilv\u0113ka iejauk\u0161an\u0101s \u2013 p\u0113rli audz\u0113 pati austere. Kultiv\u0113jot p\u0113r\u013cu \u0161\u0137irnes, cilv\u0113ka iejauk\u0161an\u0101s proces\u0101 ir minim\u0101la \u2013 vi\u0146\u0161 izveido noteikta izm\u0113ra un formas p\u0113rles kodolu. T\u0101l\u0101k ar rok\u0101m \u0161o kodolu ievieto moluska auster\u0113 un nos\u016bta glieme\u017ev\u0101ku uz p\u0113r\u013cu fermu, kur to piestiprina pie noteiktiem t\u012bkliem un atst\u0101j mier\u0101 \u016bden\u012b. Noteikt\u0101 laika posm\u0101 molusks p\u0101rkl\u0101j kodolu ar daudziem pl\u0101niem p\u0113rlmutra sl\u0101\u0146iem. V\u0113l\u0101k austeri izce\u013c un iz\u0146em d\u0101rg\u0101s p\u0113rles. Galven\u0101s at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas starp j\u016bras un upes p\u0113r\u013cu veidiem: p\u0113rles sp\u012bdums. J\u016bras p\u0113rles vienm\u0113r sp\u012bd vair\u0101k; iemesls ir s\u0101ls, ar ko pies\u0101tin\u0101ts j\u016bras \u016bdens, un tas ietekm\u0113 p\u0113rlmutra \u0137\u012bmisko sast\u0101vu, k\u0101 ar\u012b p\u0113rles sp\u012bdumu. P\u0113r\u013cu kr\u0101sa ir atkar\u012bga no moluska sugas un p\u0113r\u013cu aug\u0161anas vietas. Upes p\u0113rles tiek v\u0113rt\u0113tas zem\u0101k nek\u0101 j\u016bras p\u0113rles. T\u0101p\u0113c j\u016bras p\u0113rles maks\u0101 daudz d\u0101rg\u0101k nek\u0101 upes p\u0113rles. J\u016bras p\u0113rles cena da\u017ek\u0101rt ir augst\u0101ka.<\/p>\n

    Per\u013cu v\u0113sture<\/h2>\n

    P\u0113rles \u2013 vieni no sen\u0101kajiem un visvair\u0101k v\u0113rt\u0113tajiem d\u0101rgakme\u0146iem pasaul\u0113, kuru v\u0113sture sniedzas t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu sen\u0101 pag\u0101tn\u0113. Jau senatn\u0113 sald\u016bdens p\u0113rles, dab\u012bg\u0101s p\u0113rles un izsmalcin\u0101t\u0101s Taiti p\u0113rles tika uzskat\u012btas par \u012bpa\u0161\u0101m to unik\u0101l\u0101s formas, kr\u0101sas un mirdzuma d\u0113\u013c. P\u0113r\u013cu veidi at\u0161\u0137iras ne tikai ar savu izcelsmi, bet ar\u012b ar v\u0113rt\u0113\u0161anas krit\u0113rijiem \u2013 no p\u0113rlmutra biezuma, sp\u012bduma l\u012bdz formai un izm\u0113ram.<\/p>\n

    Pirm\u0101s p\u0113rles tika atkl\u0101tas Indijas oke\u0101n\u0101, Sarkanaj\u0101 j\u016br\u0101 un Persijas l\u012bc\u012b. \u0160aj\u0101s viet\u0101s dab\u012bg\u0101s p\u0113rles bija \u012bpa\u0161i retas un tika v\u0113rt\u0113tas k\u0101 liel\u0101k\u0101 bag\u0101t\u012bba. Dab\u012bg\u0101s p\u0113rles veidojas dabiski, bez cilv\u0113ka iejauk\u0161an\u0101s, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s ir \u013coti v\u0113rt\u012bgas un \u0161odien tiek uzskat\u012btas par \u012bstu retumu. Savuk\u0101rt kultiv\u0113t\u0101s p\u0113rles, lai gan t\u0101s audz\u0113 cilv\u0113ks, ar\u012b tiek v\u0113rt\u0113tas to skaistuma un daudzveid\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c \u2013 t\u0101s var b\u016bt da\u017e\u0101du formu, kr\u0101su un izm\u0113ru.<\/p>\n

    P\u0113r\u013cu cena ir atkar\u012bga no daudziem faktoriem: veida, izm\u0113ra, kr\u0101sas, virsmas kvalit\u0101tes un p\u0113rlmutra biezuma. Piem\u0113ram, Dienvidj\u016bras p\u0113rles tiek uzskat\u012btas par v\u0113rt\u012bg\u0101kaj\u0101m \u2013 to cena var sasniegt pat 10 000 ASV dol\u0101ru par gabalu. Taiti p\u0113rles, kas slavenas ar sav\u0101m tum\u0161aj\u0101m, eksotiskaj\u0101m kr\u0101s\u0101m, ar\u012b ir \u013coti augstu v\u0113rt\u0113tas, un to cena var b\u016bt l\u012bdz 5000 ASV dol\u0101ru. Vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101kas sald\u016bdens p\u0113rles parasti ir pieejam\u0101kas, ta\u010du ar\u012b t\u0101s var b\u016bt \u013coti skaistas un unik\u0101las.<\/p>\n

    P\u0113rles kop\u0161 seniem laikiem ir izmantotas rotaslietu izgatavo\u0161an\u0101 \u2013 auskari, kaklarotas, rokasspr\u0101dzes un citas rotaslietas ar p\u0113rl\u0113m vienm\u0113r ir uzskat\u012btas par luksusa un elegances simbolu. P\u0113r\u013cu formas var b\u016bt apa\u013cas, ov\u0101las, piliena formas vai pat neregul\u0101ras, bet kr\u0101sas vari\u0113 no baltas, roz\u0101, zelta l\u012bdz tum\u0161i pel\u0113kai vai pat melnai, k\u0101 Taiti p\u0113r\u013cu gad\u012bjum\u0101. Katra p\u0113rle ir unik\u0101la, t\u0101p\u0113c rotaslietas ar p\u0113rl\u0113m vienm\u0113r paliek modernas un v\u0113rt\u0113tas.<\/p>\n

    \u0160odien p\u0113rles joproj\u0101m ir \u013coti popul\u0101ras un v\u0113rt\u0113tas rotaslietu pasaul\u0113. T\u0101s ir ne tikai skaistuma, bet ar\u012b ekskluzivit\u0101tes simbols, un to v\u0113sture un retums pie\u0161\u0137ir katrai rotaslietai \u012bpa\u0161u v\u0113rt\u012bbu. Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai t\u0101s ir dab\u012bg\u0101s vai kultiv\u0113t\u0101s p\u0113rles \u2013 t\u0101s vienm\u0113r paliek k\u0101rota izv\u0113le gan ikdienai, gan \u012bpa\u0161iem gad\u012bjumiem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    K\u0101 rodas p\u0113rles? Molusk\u0101, glieme\u017ev\u0101k\u0101, auster\u0113, m\u012bdij\u0101? P\u0113rles, kas t\u0101s ir? Tas ir unik\u0101ls dabas veidojums, dz\u012bvnieku izcelsmes d\u0101rgakmens, biog\u0113ns […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":262079,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[2808],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-267679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-patarimai-lv"],"yoast_head":"\nK\u0101 rodas p\u0113rles? 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